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June 20, 2013
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Displaying results 1 - 25 of 744 for disease. Subscribe to this search

  1. article What's Up UA? - $6M Grant Boosts Molecular Heart Research

    Wednesday, June 19, 2013 1:00 pm

    A $6 million grant from Fondation Leducq, a French non-profit health research foundation fostering international efforts to combat cardiovascular disease, will boost an interdisciplinary, collaborative push to better understand how the heart deals with mechanical stress under healthy conditions and in the case of a defect. 
     
    Henk Granzier, a professor in the department of physiology and the Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program at the University of ArizonaCollege of Medicine, is one of two principal investigators leading the project, which was awarded as a transatlantic network grant, connecting scientists from seven institutions in Europe and the U.S. 
     
    "Many networks compete for this grant, and it is a great honor to be one of the very few that were selected for funding," said Granzier, who will oversee all projects, coordinate and communicate with the network collaborators and assist designing experiments, analyzing data and publishing scientific results. 
     
    The research endeavor revolves around titin, a protein that acts as a "molecular spring" and plays important roles in how muscle cells register mechanical stress (see UANews story, "UA Researcher Studies Protein's Link to Heart Disease"). Titin has moved into the spotlight of cardiovascular research once it was found that mutations in the titin gene are involved in many heart defects.
     
    "With this project, we want to try and understand the interplay between mechanical stress and heart disease, and how titin factors into all of that," said Granzier, who is also a member of the UA BIO5 Institute and holds the Allan and Alfie Norville Endowed Chair for Heart Disease in Women Research at the UA's Sarver Heart Center. 
     
    "You have billions of titin molecules in your heart, where they help it contract and expand," he said. "Titin is very important to make sure your heart doesn't expand too much or too little, so it doesn't overfill or under-fill with blood."
     
    But the molecule, which occurs not only in heart muscle but skeletal muscle as well, does much more than that. 
     
    "Titin acts as a sensor enabling a heart muscle cell to measure mechanical stress," Granzier explained. "When you lift weights, titin senses the added load and interacts with proteins that trigger signaling cascades, which in turn activate genes to crank out more muscle material, so your muscles become bulkier."
     
    Scientists hope that once they better understand the processes at a molecular level, they can develop therapies for conditions that are untreatable now. 
     
    "A big goal of this grant is to understand how mutations in titin cause pathological changes," Granzier said. "We'll focus largely on titin and all the proteins that interact with it. So far, we know of more than 20."
     
    For example, one particular mutation in the titin gene is known to cause a disease called ARVC, or arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, an inherited heart muscle disorder where damaged heart muscle is gradually replaced by non-muscle tissue. 
     
    "This particular mutation makes titin more susceptible to breaking down," Granzier said. "Others truncate the protein so it loses pieces of its functionality."
     
    BIO5's Genetically Engineered Mouse Models (GEMM) Core, directed by Tom Doetschman, developed a mouse model allowing Granzier to study the mechanisms that underlie this disease. 
     
    "We genetically engineered this mutation to replicate the human disease in the mouse heart, and then we study the mouse to tease apart the disease mechanism under controlled conditions," Granzier said.
     
    A different series of genetic alterations in titin's DNA sequence was found to be the causal defect in about one third of individuals afflicted with a condition called dilated cardiomyopathy – another form of heart failure. Affected individuals frequently develop severe heart failure in their 30s or 40s.
     
    "We want to study this in this grant as well," said Granzier. "How do the mutations lead to the diseased heart?"
     
    To find answers, Granzier and his colleagues apply mouse genetics to eliminate certain titin-binding proteins and see how that changes the sensing and the enlargement of the heart.
     
    "What we want to know is, 'If you have a certain titin binding partner missing, how does the system respond and possibly cause diseases?'" Granzier said, adding that the six diseases that have so far been linked to titin are likely only the tip of an iceberg.
     
    "As more and more high-throughput sequencing technologies become available, my guess is we will find many more diseases that involve titin," he added. "And as awareness of these defects increases, it will become possible to screen family members for such mutations."
     
    Granzier's lab has established a worldwide reputation in titin research by studying the protein and its interactions at every scale, from the individual molecule to the entire heart.
     
    Using an atomic force microscope, the group can make measurements on single titin molecules.
     
    "We can measure characteristics like strength and elasticity of the molecule, and how those are affected by mutations in the titin gene," Ganzier explained. "We also study the mechanics of single cells isolated from the heart. And we can genetically alter the titin gene, take out pieces or add pieces to it, to mimic the mutations that we know exist in patients."
     
    Through these studies, the group discovered that the mutations that causes ARVC weakens the molecule, causing the "spring structure" to unfold. 
     
    "Normally the molecule folds into domains," Granzier said. "It resembles a string of pearls, and when you stretch the molecule, the pearls line up and you pull them taut. But if you have a mutation, it weakens the structure of the domains. The pearls unravel and once the molecule starts breaking down, the mechanical sensing ability is destroyed and the elasticity is messed up."
     
    Although therapies might not become available for a while, knowing what causes the trouble is a critically important first step, Granzier pointed out.
     
    Some day, therapeutics could be developed that interact with the weak spot in the mutated titin molecule and make it stronger. Another approach, currently tested for muscular dystrophy, involves drugs homing in on the machinery inside the cell that manufactures the protein from its genetic blueprint, instructing it to skip the mutated parts. 
     
    "Once we understand the sensing mechanisms of titin and how they are affected by mutations, we could ultimately come up with drugs that lessen the impact of the disease or prevent it altogether," Granzier said.
     
    Under the network grant, the collaboration will exchange expertise, reagents, genetically modified mouse models and researchers to maximize collaboration and results and tackle all aspects of these diseases. 
     
    "It is a huge honor for Henk and the UA to lead this international, multidisiplinary project from Fondation Leducq to decipher the impact of mutations in contractile proteins on human cardiac myopathies," said Carol Gregorio, who heads the Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program and is a collaborator on the grant. 
     
    In addition to the UA, the main research centers participating on the grant are the University of Heidelberg, Germany; University of California San Diego School of Medicine; National Heart & Lung Institute at the Imperial College London; the University of Liverpool; French biotech company Genethon; and the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. 
     

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  2. article New Research Emerges For Parkinson's

    Tuesday, June 18, 2013 12:21 pm

    (NewsUSA) - People often believe the myth that Parkinson's disease only afflicts the elderly, but research indicates that a growing number of middle-aged adults are developing the neurodegenerative disorder. The National Parkinson Foundation reports that 10 percent of people with Parkinson's are diagnosed before age 40.

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  3. article Avoiding Tick Dangers This Summer

    Tuesday, June 18, 2013 7:04 am

    (NewsUSA) - Tick-borne illnesses are found throughout the United States. Though Lyme disease, transmitted by blacklegged ticks, is the most pervasive and publicly discussed, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) lists a wide range of diseases spread by ticks. With tens of thousands of people impacted each year from such illnesses, the National Pest Management Association (NPMA) advises summer enthusiasts about the danger of disease transmission from ticks and encourages them to take proper precautions to protect against exposure to these blood-sucking pests.

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  4. article Two-Time Super Bowl Champion Shines Spotlight on Diabetes Patients Who Give Back

    Sunday, June 16, 2013 5:00 pm

    (BPT) - Two-time Super Bowl Champion, Kendall Simmons, is one of almost 26 million people in the United States living with diabetes.[1] Diagnosed after his NFL rookie season in 2003, Kendall was in unfamiliar territory.

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  5. article One size doesn't fit all in reproductive health

    Sunday, June 16, 2013 5:00 pm

    (BPT) - Every woman knows that in the world of fashion, there’s no such thing as “one size fits all.” Yet for decades, American women have seemingly accepted the “one size fits all” approach when it comes to dealing with reproductive health issues. This one-size approach has meant that each year, thousands of women undergo hysterectomies that they may not need.

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  6. article (June 14) - Today's Top Headlines - The top 10 stories of the day

    Friday, June 14, 2013 9:47 am

    1. OBAMA APPROVES ARMING REBELS

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  7. article Managing Diabetes Effectively And Affordably On Medicare

    Thursday, June 13, 2013 4:44 am

    (NAPSI)—While diabetes continues to be on the rise in America, there are ways you can deal with it. It may help to know that an American is diagnosed every 17 seconds, and the Centers for Disease Control estimates that by 2050, as many as a third of the U.S. population will have diabetes. Not only is it a common disease but it is a costly one; people living with diabetes spend 2? times more on health care than the average consumer and approximately $350 annually on over-the-counter health products, including critical diabetes testing supplies. In fact, many Medicare patients rely on Part B coverage to secure their diabetes testing supplies.

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  8. article Knowledge Is Power For Surviving The Cure For Childhood Cancer

    Thursday, June 13, 2013 4:44 am

    (NAPSI)—According to the American Cancer Society, there’s some good news about childhood cancer: The vast majority of children with cancer will survive for many years. While cancer remains the leading cause of death by disease for children under the age of 15, more kids are living, more families remain whole, and more days once filled with grief are spent celebrating life.

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  9. article Clean-Up Tips to Get Your Backyard Ready for Outdoor Entertaining

    Wednesday, June 12, 2013 10:00 pm

    (StatePoint) After spending the cooler months neglected, backyards and patios get lots of use during the warmer months, when barbecuing and outdoor entertaining season is in full swing.

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  10. article Navigating a lung cancer diagnosis

    Tuesday, June 11, 2013 5:00 pm

    (BPT) - Far too often, people make the mistake of assuming that lung cancer only affects people who smoke, but the disease can affect anyone. In fact, approximately 10 percent of patients with lung cancer have never smoked and approximately 50 percent of newly diagnosed lung cancer patients have already quit smoking.

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  11. article Ask the Doctor: What You Need to Know About Opioid Prescription Painkiller Addiction

    Monday, June 10, 2013 5:00 pm

    (BPT) - Americans are facing a growing epidemic: an equal opportunity disease, affecting individuals of all ages, genders, races and socioeconomic status. Opioid prescription painkiller addiction, a form of opioid dependence, is a chronic disease that affects the brain. Although many believe it is a result of a moral failing or lack of control, research shows opioid prescription painkiller addiction is a long-term medical condition that alters the brain’s chemistry, making it difficult for someone to stop. This means the brain has been affected by the disease.

  12. article Are You Getting Your Eyes Checked Often Enough?

    Sunday, June 9, 2013 10:00 pm

    (StatePoint) Are you taking good enough care of your eyes? According to a new study, your gender and where you live may indicate if you are practicing good eye health.

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  13. article The Facts About Your Dental Health and Pregnancy

    Sunday, June 9, 2013 10:00 pm

    (StatePoint) Many moms-to-be receive advice from well-meaning friends and relatives. Yet there seem to be myths about taking care of teeth and gums -- if dental health is even mentioned at all.

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  14. article Happiness Could be Key to Good Health

    Friday, June 7, 2013 12:12 pm

    Everyone knows that proper diet, regular exercise and avoidance of bad habits like smoking are crucial to great health. But some experts say that a truly positive outlook on life can be just as powerful a factor in improving overall wellness.

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  15. article Finding an online connection for patients with rare blood cancer, Myelofibrosis

    Thursday, June 6, 2013 5:00 pm

    (BPT) - When faced with a serious diagnosis such as cancer, many people immediately begin searching for information about their condition. Some go to the library to find published resources about studies, treatments and possible cures; some ask their doctors for additional resources; and many use the Internet to find information that may help answer their questions.

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  16. article The Closest You Can Get To A Cure For Breast Cancer Is Knowing Your Risk

    Thursday, June 6, 2013 4:44 am

    (NAPSI)—It’s a fact-one in eight women will get breast cancer.1 And until there is a breakthrough cure for all stages of breast cancer, the best way to survive it is to detect it early. Survival rates for early detection are 95 percent, but only 41 percent when diagnosed later.2 With those odds, wouldn’t you like to know your breast cancer risk and be able to do something about it? If yes, chances are you’d probably want the same for your mom, sister, aunt and friends. Fortunately, there is good news for you and your loved ones and all it takes is a visit to your healthcare professional. With all of the right tools and a comprehensive breast health plan outlined by a healthcare professional, you and your loved ones can find out the risk for developing breast cancer and do something about it.

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  17. article Mold woes? Manage moisture through better ventilation

    Wednesday, June 5, 2013 5:00 pm

    (BPT) - Few phrases can strike fear into a homeowner’s heart as powerfully as the words “you have a mold problem.” Mold troubles in your home can cause health troubles for your family, and both issues can be notoriously difficult to resolve. It occurs everywhere in nature, but when mold begins growing indoors, it can damage any surface it grows on and cause respiratory problems for those living in the affected house.

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  18. article The Doctor Is In: Start early to prevent heart disease

    Wednesday, June 5, 2013 4:00 am

    This month, make your heart health a priority. Ask yourself – no matter what your age – is there a history of heart disease, high cholesterol or high blood pressure in your family? Have any relatives died from a stroke or a heart attack? 

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  19. article Sports Perspective: Spurs continue to build on legacy

    Wednesday, June 5, 2013 4:00 am

    In 1998 NBA Finals, the most monumental athlete in sports history, Michael Jordan, executed a perfect crossover jump shot that sealed his sixth NBA title, and became the perfect send-off for his last ride into the sunset. All that remained were memories, record books rewritten, and an uncertain future over who would carry the torch as the NBA’s new model champion. Jordan’s retirement birthed the rise of a new champion, albeit a different one: The San Antonio Spurs. 

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  20. article Sarah Michelle Gellar Lends Her Voice to Help Stop the Spread of Pertussis with the Sounds of Pertussis Campaign

    Tuesday, June 4, 2013 5:00 pm

    (BPT) - Sarah Michelle Gellar, Emmy® Award-winning actress and star of the upcoming CBS comedy "The Crazy Ones," is joining March of Dimes and Sanofi Pasteur on the Sounds of Pertussis®Campaign. As a mother of two young children, the youngest having arrived in September 2012, Gellar wants to help raise awareness about the potential dangers of pertussis, also known as whooping cough, and the importance of adult tetanus, diphtheria and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination.

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  21. article New baby checklist: Tips to start securing your child's future

    Tuesday, June 4, 2013 5:00 pm

    (BPT) - Your new bundle of joy has just arrived. In addition to midnight feedings and changing diapers, new parents need to take important steps to set up their children for success in the years to come.

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  22. article Tucson Jazz Society presents cool jazz July 5

    Tuesday, June 4, 2013 3:56 pm

    Platinum award winning jazz vocalist/lyricist, Mark Winkler meets Cheryl Bentyne, member of The Manhattan Transfer, and sparks fly. This duo is intent on proving how cool the West Coast Cool Jazz scene of the 50s still is. Together and separately they perform songs by Dave Brubeck, Chet Baker, Julie London and Bobby Troup and others, all the while weaving in never-before heard stories of the originators of "West Coast Cool." Prepare yourself for an unforgettable evening as these two hipsters send the music down as smoothly as an vodka martini on a warm summer night. This show is definitely a hit!

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  23. article Happiness Could be Key to Good Health

    Sunday, June 2, 2013 10:00 pm

    (StatePoint) Everyone knows that proper diet, regular exercise and avoidance of bad habits like smoking are crucial to great health. But some experts say that a truly positive outlook on life can be just as powerful a factor in improving overall wellness.

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  24. article New Book On Hope After MS Diagnosis

    Thursday, May 30, 2013 4:44 am

    (NAPSI)—While for many people age 26 is when their dreams are just starting to come true, for some, life can take a surprising turn.

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  25. article To Save the Bears, We Need to Save the Forests

    Thursday, May 30, 2013 4:44 am

    (NAPSI)—Josh Westerhold, 36, is a grizzly bear hunter. His weapon is a camera. And over the years, he’s shot grizzlies by the dozens.

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